Deadline: 15 Maggio 2018 Alexander Dubcek’s program for ambitious political and economic reform, his support from society, and finally the intervention of the Warsaw Pact in Czechoslovakia were the most significant expressions of the socialist world in 1968. While usually integrated into the global phenomenon of protest, or studied through national lenses, these events have received limited interest as a part of the transnational practice of socialist reform. The 50th anniversary of the Prague Spring serves as an opportunity to rediscover post-World War II attempts of socialist restructuring as a distinct object of historical inquiry. Moreover, the semi-centenary gives us the chance to reevaluate the role played by the events of 1968 for similar practices in the socialist states and parties around the globe. While Czechoslovakia remains one of the most dramatic and recognizable cases of attempted socialist readjustment ‘from above’ since the 1950s, the majority of socialist governments undertook socio-economic reform. The Yugoslav path of market socialism and self-management, Hungarian gulyáskommunizmus, East German Neues Ökonomisches System, the Chinese experience of the 1980s, Gorbachev’s attempts at system-saving under the siege of the Cold War, and many others all stand together under the same umbrella of socialist adaptation. Reforms occurring across the socialist states were usually attempts to abandon the hegemony of administrative intervention in command economies. In most, if not all, they were an act of departure from the Soviet domination and autarkic model of development based on heavy industry. Envisioned improvements to economies were in many ways followed up by political liberalization and socio-cultural transformation. Henceforth, when referring to socialist reforms, we would like to conceptualize it as multiple intertwined layers involving its agents as creators, implementers, or receivers; the content of the reforms or the idea and program of restructuring; and its economic, political, and social effects from a macro and micro perspective. Socioeconomic reforms in socialist practice and imagination comprise an independent historical fabric that calls for further inclusion into present academic considerations. On one hand, while political transformations and social revolutions are well represented in monographs by Geoffrey Swain, Geoffrey Hosking, and more recently David Priestland and Silvio Pons, the economic sphere of socialism is less present in the historiography. Already during the Cold War, however, economists, such as Janos Kornai, Alec Nove, and Branko Horvat, produced far reaching analyses of socialist economic organization, planning,...